Peer-Reviewed Papers
Synthetic Morphology
Blackiston, D., Dromiack, H., Grasso, C., Varley, T.F., Moore, D.G., Srinivasan, K.K., Sporns, O., Bongard, J., Levin, M., Walker, S.I. (2025), Revealing non-trivial information structures in aneural biological tissues via functional connectivity, PLoS Computational Biology, 21(4): e1012149 doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012149
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Pai, V.P., Pio-Lopez, L., Sperry, M.M., Erikson, P., Tayyebi, P., Levin, M. (2025), Basal Xenobot transcriptomics reveals changes and novel control modality in cells freed from organismal influence, Communications Biology, 8(646)doi: 10.1038/s42003-025-08086-9
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Solé, R., Conde–Pueyo, N., Pla–Mauri, J., Garcia–Ojalvo, J., Montserrat, N., Levin, M. (2024), Open problems in synthetic multicellularity, npj Systems Biology and Applications 10, 151 (2024) doi: 10.1038/s41540-024-00477-8
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Yang, B., Nasab, A. M., Woodman, S.J., Thomas, E., Tilton, L.G., Levin, M., Kramer-Bottiglio, R. (2024), Self-Amputating and Interfusing Machines, Advanced Materials, 2400241; doi:10.1002/adma.202400241
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Gumuskaya, G., Srivastava, P., Cooper, B. G., Lesser, H., Semegran, B., Garnier, S., and Levin, M. (2023), Motile Living Biobots Self-Construct from Adult Human Somatic Progenitor Seed Cells, Advanced Science, doi:10.1002/advs.202303575
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Clawson, W. P., and Levin, M. (2023), Endless forms most beautiful 2.0: teleonomy and the bioengineering of chimaeric and synthetic organisms, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 139(4): 457-486
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Blackiston, D., Kriegman, S., Bongard, J., and Levin, M. (2023), Biological Robots: Perspectives on an Emerging Interdisciplinary Field, Soft Robotics, 10(4): 694-686
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Kriegman, S., Blackiston, D., Levin, M., and Bongard, J. (2021), Kinematic self-replication in reconfigurable organisms,
Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, 118(49): e2112672118
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Levin, M. (2021), Life, death, and self: Fundamental questions of primitive cognition
viewed through the lens of body plasticity and synthetic organisms,
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 564: 114-133
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Ebrahimkhani, M., and Levin, M. (2021), Synthetic living machines: A new
window on life, iScience, 24(5): 102505
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Blackiston, D., Lederer, E., Kriegman, S., Garnier, S., Bongard, J., and Levin, M. (2021),
A cellular platform for the development of synthetic living machines, Science Robotics, 6(52): eabf1571
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Levin, M. (2021), Unlimited plasticity of embodied, cognitive subjects: a new playground for the UAL framework, Biology and Philosophy, 36(2): 17
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Biswas, S., Manicka, S., Hoel, E., and Levin, M. (2021), Gene Regulatory Networks
Exhibit Several Kinds of Memory: Quantification of Memory in Biological and Random Transcriptional Networks,
iScience, 24(3): 102131
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Levin, M., Bongard, J., and Lunshof, J.E. (2020), Applications and ethics of computer-designed organisms, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 21(11): 655-656
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Kriegman, S., Blackiston, D., Levin, M., and Bongard, J. (2020), A scalable pipeline for designing reconfigurable organisms, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States, 432(2): 605-620
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